Constitutional and Legislative Protections

Mauritius boasts a robust and active trade union movement, underpinned by constitutional protections and a legislative framework that upholds workers’ rights to association and collective bargaining. The country’s Constitution explicitly safeguards the freedom of workers to form and join trade unions, ensuring they have a voice in workplace issues and negotiations.

Industrial Relations Act

Under the Industrial Relations Act, every employee in Mauritius has the fundamental right to choose whether to join a trade union or not, affirming individual autonomy in labour-related decisions. This legal framework supports the pluralistic nature of industrial relations in Mauritius, where trade unions play a significant role in advocating for workers’ rights and welfare.

International Affiliation

Mauritius is affiliated with the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC), the world’s largest trade union federation, reflecting its commitment to international labour standards and solidarity with global labour movements.

Major Trade Union Federations

Within the country, there are three primary trade union federations:

Mauritius Labour Congress (MLC)

  • Membership: Approximately 30,000 members.
  • Role: MLC represents a substantial portion of the workforce and actively engages in negotiating collective agreements and advocating for workers across various sectors.

Mauritius Trade Union Congress (MTUC)

  • Membership: Around 25,000 members.
  • Role: MTUC plays a pivotal role in promoting workers’ rights and social justice issues. It collaborates closely with other trade unions and stakeholders to advance labour interests.

National Trade Union Confederation (NTUC)

  • Membership: The largest trade union federation in Mauritius, with approximately 59,000 members across various affiliated organisations.
  • Role: NTUC’s extensive membership base enhances its capacity to influence policies and advocate for comprehensive labour reforms.
  • Affiliates: NTUC’s affiliates represent diverse sectors, including agriculture, education, aviation, telecommunications, and the sugar industry. Some notable affiliates are:
    • Agricultural Research and Extension Unit Workers Union
    • General Purpose Teachers Union
    • Mauritius Airline Pilots Association
    • Mauritius Telecom Employees Association
    • Sugar Industry Workers Association

Broad Representation

The diversity of NTUC’s affiliates underscores the federation’s broad representation and its ability to address sector-specific concerns while championing broader labour rights issues.

Conclusion

Mauritius’ trade union movement plays a pivotal role in safeguarding workers’ rights, promoting fair labour practices, and fostering dialogue between employees, employers, and the government. Supported by constitutional protections and active participation in international trade union networks like the ITUC, Mauritius continues to uphold a vibrant tradition of labour activism and advocacy for social justice within its workforce.